Latest technologies from George Washington University

A Flexible and Energy-Efficient Accelerator for Graph Convolutional Neural Networks

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 17 Dec 2021 13:45:38 GMT

Researchers at GW have invented a flexible and energy-efficient accelerator for graph convolutional neural networks (GCN). First, the novel accelerator design disclosed shows highly enhanced performance in comparison to existing accelerators. For example, the accelerator is capable of simultaneously improving resource utilization and data movement in GCNs, while also being capable of reconfiguring the loop order and loop fusion strategy. Second, this also means that the accelerator design is highly adaptable for various GCN configurations. Third, because of this adaptivity, the amount of DRAM ...

An Algorithm-Hardware Co-design Method for Convolutional Neural Networks

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 17 Dec 2021 13:43:35 GMT

Researchers at GW have developed an algorithm-hardware co-design framework for Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) directed towards mitigating the effects of computational irregularities in existing models. The framework disclosed allows for a reduced model size as to the associated system. For example, the algorithm disclosed utilizes centrosymmetric matrices as convolutional filters thus allows for a much-reduced weights by nearly 50% and enabling a structured computational reuse. Consequently, the new hardware-software co-design framework, significantly increases performance and energy-effi...

Design and Fabrication Processes of Icephobic Surfaces

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 17 Dec 2021 13:41:12 GMT

Researchers at GW have invented design and fabrication processes associated with the prevention of ice formation in various surfaces with a particular focus on surfaces associated with sea-ships, space-ships, high-altitude airplanes, and high-altitude aircrafts associated with space travel. One design invented is capable of delaying icing for at least 18 hours at a temperature of -20°C. Yet another design is capable of perpetual delaying of icing with respect to a given temperature. As is apparent, these designs not only are cost-effective, but also are environmentally friendly. The inven...

Multi Axis Integrated Tracking Lens Array

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 17 Dec 2021 13:38:45 GMT

Researchers at GW have invented a solar apparatus that has an integrated tracking lens array which is also multi-axial. The invented solar apparatus is highly cost-effective compared to extant solar devices. It can capture solar rays from a wide range of angles of incidence thus having an increased efficiency in contrast to extant solar apparatuses that do not capture solar rays from a wide range of angles of incidence. Extant solar apparatuses, even if being capable of capturing solar rays from a wide range of angles of incidences include multiple mechanical components thus having a high...

HDAC6i-Activated Macrophage Cell Therapy

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 23 Nov 2021 14:10:27 GMT

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in tumor growth and survival. Often the immunosuppressive nature of the TME prevents success of treatments including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), radiation therapy (RT), and chemotherapy. Macrophages in the TME contribute to its immunosuppressive or immunostimulatory character. M2 macrophages secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as transforming growth factor (TGFβ) and interleukin (IL-10), associated with cancer, angiogenesis, tumor invasion, and migration. On the contrary, M1 macrophages secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines s...

FAST LABEL-FREE METHOD FOR MAPPING CARDIAC PHYSIOLOGY

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 10:11:24 GMT

Researchers at The George Washington University are developing a fast label-free mapping system of excitation-contraction-metabolic waves at hundreds to thousands (e.g., 100-5,000) of frames per second for mapping cardica physiology. Such a system allows for clinical mapping of atrial and ventricular arrhythmia during, or prior to, ablation procedures to guide such procedures through the identification of the source/driver or sources/drivers of atrial tachycardia or fibrillation and of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. The system has a number of benefits and advantages. First, a f...

Laser Ablation Electrospray Ionization (LAESI) Mass Spectrometry: matrix-free ambient 2D or 3D imaging of living tissue without sample preparation

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 09:42:01 GMT

LAESI provides very precise in situ chemical analysis of biological samples using mass spectrometry (MS) technique. LAESI enables 2D and 3D imaging of metabolites, lipids, peptides and proteins in biological samples at the single cell level, empowering rapid chemical analyses in multiple fields of biology, medicine and chemistry. The LAESI device embodies an ionization source / sample acquisition accessory to couple to standard mass spectrometers. LAESI uses the water naturally present within biological samples to absorb laser energy and ablate areas of interest with high spatial resolution. T...

(Technology Bundle) Stem cells with transiently reduced p53 to treat diabetes associated kidney disease and peripheral vascular disease

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 09:36:22 GMT

Local delivery of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may treat diabetic-related kidney disease (DKD) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD). EPCs may be obtained from a patient’s peripheral blood. The hyperglycemic state in diabetic patients causes transplanted EPCs to undergo apoptosis, creating a challenge for such therapies. By transiently silencing the apoptotic gene p53, Dr. Sen’s improved method leads to survival of transplanted EPCs to achieve formation of mature endothelial lineage cells. Diabetes mellitus, with its vascular complications is the most common cause of...

Immunotherapies Targeting SSX2 Peptide Displayed by MHC on Tumors

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 09:28:47 GMT

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells are making headlines with their recent FDA approvals and ability to eradicate cancers. Most CAR T therapies target tumor cells via a tumor associated antigen (TAA). Unfortunately, TAAs are also expressed on non-cancerous tissues, leading to significant risk for patients. SSX2 protein expression is restricted to germline cells and is frequently expressed in cancer. The p41-49 peptide fragment of SSX2 is displayed by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on tumor cells and then activates cytotoxic T cells. Our inventors created the first antibod...

Organ-on-Chip high-throughput apparatus for in vitro preclinical trials on human cardiac slices

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 06:57:28 GMT

Researchers at the George Washington University have invented a novel apparatus and method allowing high-throughput testing of pharmacological agents and therapeutic virus on human tissue (e.g. human cardiac slices). The apparatus can be used to create induced disease models for testing of therapies targeting specific diseases. For example, heart failure can be induced in cardiac slices using chronic beta-adrenergic stimulation. Various functional parameters such as conduction velocity, action potential duration, contractility, and degree of fibrosis can be measured to assess ...

Amplified Bimorph Scanning Mirror, Optical System and Method of Scanning

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 06:57:15 GMT

Over ninety percent of all human cancers arise in epithelial tissues. Several imaging techniques including MRI, ultrasound and optical coherence tomography (OCT) and elastography are used to detect cancers. However, the resolution of MRI and ultrasound is too low for the imaging of epithelial tissues. When compared with MRI and ultrasound, OCT has much higher resolution, 10μm or less. The higher resolution is advantageous in cancer detection of epithelial tissues that are accessible using an endoscope. The scan angle of an OCT scanning mirror is critical to its imaging capabili...

Novel Compounds that Target Mycobacteria and Other Pathogenic Bacteria

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 06:51:22 GMT

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is one of the deadliest infectious diseases. Emergence of drug resistant strains of Mtb and co-infection with HIV has made TB both difficult and expensive to treat. New TB therapies are needed to shorten treatment and be effective against all strains and metabolic states of the organism. Mtb synthesize isoprenoids (essential for the bacterial cell wall biosynthesis) via the nonmevalonate pathway, which is absent in humans. Therefore, the bacterial enzymes can be specifically targeted without interfering with human...

A Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW)-Based Sensor for VLSI Circuits

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 06:50:48 GMT

The George Washington University researchers have published several research articles describing surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices with various characteristics. This summary relates to a Circular SAW Device based on CMOS fabrication, with interdigital transducers (IDT) that are in a specific concentric shape. Because the IDTs are in a circular shape, the device has a significantly lower insertion loss when compared with conventional SAW devices. The input IDT sends acoustic waves via a piezoelectric material to output IDT from the outer circle to the inner circle, and delive...

Next Generation Wireless Amplifier Technology: BiSTA (Bipolar Stacked Transistor Architecture)

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 06:44:40 GMT

A new design for an integrated circuit amplifier operating at very high frequencies. Current high frequency amplifiers use expensive III-V technologies (GaAs, InP). This invention uses commercial silicon technology. Has this invention been tested? Yes, results have been published in 2 peer reviewed scientific journals. This design has been fabricated using IBM 8HP BiCMOS SiGe commercial technology. Two prototype amplifiers have been built, extensively tested and measured to operate at frequencies of 2.4 GHz and 30 GHz. 2.4 GHz measures: PSAT=18.55 dBm, PAE=32.0 %, VBIAS=3.23 V. 30 GHz ...

Direct Low Cost Production of Graphene Platelets

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 06:27:56 GMT

In the last ten years graphene has exploded on the scientific scene with its myriad of novel and exciting properties. Graphene has, to name a few of these properties, very high electrical conductivity, superior strength (fifty times stronger than steel), chemical stability, extremely high surface area, and very high thermal conductivity. Structurally it is sheet of carbons atoms one atom thick. These properties have led to interest in using it in an extraordinary range of products: Flatter LCDs Improved printing primers Chemical sensors Improved electrical circuits St...

Self-Repairing and Self-Sustaining Autonomous Machines

tco@gwu.edu — Sat, 13 Nov 2021 06:19:11 GMT

Machines are subject to wear due to friction between moving parts. The expensive heavy equipment, such as wind turbines and aircraft propellers, are expensive to shut down or repair. Researchers at the George Washington University have developed a real-time sensor and nanotechnology-based system that detects the component surface damage in moving parts, such as gears, and repairs and sustains the moving parts of the machines automatically. The self-repairing system enables the machines that are long-lasting and self-sustaining. The invention deploys a monitoring system of thi...

Prostate Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics Based on Differential Gene Splicing

tco@gwu.edu — Sat, 13 Nov 2021 06:08:43 GMT

Many more African Americans (AA) die from prostate cancer than Caucasian Americans (CA), even after factoring in socioeconomic influences. The NIH designated identifying medically relevant differences in these populations as a high priority research area. Inventors at GWU identified differences in gene splicing between AA and CA prostate cancer samples. Gene splicing variation causes the functional products of a gene to include different parts in different people. The inventors identified hundreds of differentially spliced genes. Importantly, 13 of those genes contribute to oncogenic signaling...

Flexible Integrated Circuit Packaging

tco@gwu.edu — Sat, 13 Nov 2021 06:01:44 GMT

The George Washington University has invented a way to package integrated circuits (ICs) in a flexible, twistable, and stretchable format. In addition to many applications in wearable electronics, flexible circuits can be useful in any situation where a circuit must conform to a non-uniform space, or allow for deflection during operation. This method enables performance improvements over other flexible circuit technologies by allowing for the use of any standard IC on the market, including CMOS chips. The process enables new applications to take advantage of the high performa...

Optical Coherence Elastography (OCE) Medical Imaging Device

tco@gwu.edu — Sat, 13 Nov 2021 05:55:46 GMT

This invention uses OCT for elastography to achieve unprecedented analysis of small structures. Elastography is a medical imaging technique that measures a tissue’s hardness. Tissues of interest, such as cancers, atherosclerotic plaques, or scars are distinguishable from normal tissue by their hardness. Elastography involves imaging tissue before and after applying a mechanical force. Changes in the image provide input on the hardness or elastacity of underlying tissues. While devices have been established that use ultrasound imaging for elastography, ultrasound is limited by a...

Companion Diagnostics and Compound Screening Assay for PI3K Inhibitors

tco@gwu.edu — Sat, 13 Nov 2021 05:49:50 GMT

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) protein family regulates cellular functions including growth, proliferation, survival, differentiation, and motility. Because these functions are critical for cancer progression, many companies are developing therapeutic compounds to inhibit PI3K. GW inventors identified an alternative splicing variant of PIK3CD that causes insensitivity to one or more of these PI3K inhibitors. This discovery can be developed into a companion diagnostic test that will limit PI3K inhibitor treatment to patients that can benefit...

Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Resonator as Mass Sensor in Diagnostics

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 11 Nov 2021 10:16:52 GMT

Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) devices are used in biosensors, gas, and chemical sensors because of their sensitivity to mass perturbations. SAW devices resonate and generate acoustic waves that are converted to electric signals, and vice versa, by the use of Interdigital Transducers or IDTs. The electric signals are then converted to mechanical energy by piezoelectric substrates. SAW devices comprise of an input and an output transducer that convert acoustic waves generated by the SAW resonators to electric signals. During this process, a considerable loss in signal power or insertion los...

Improving the efficiency of intermediate band quantum dot solar cells

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 11 Nov 2021 10:09:58 GMT

Conventional single junction (e.g. silica, GaAs) solar cells absorb photons only from a limited range of spectra (i.e., above the band-gap photons), missing almost 60% of the energy that can potentially be obtained from the entire solar spectrum. Intermediate band (IB) solar cells, with Quantum Dots (QD) tuned to absorb photons from a wider range of wavelengths, offer a solution to this problem. However, the current models for IB solar cells come with disadvantages of current leakage, low efficiency and low open circuit voltage. The inventors have overcome these limitations by developing a ne...

Thinking outside the heart: Use of engineered cardiac tissue for treatment of chronic deep venous insufficiency

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 09 Nov 2021 07:20:22 GMT

Researchers at George Washington University invented a new organ that can return blood flow to veins lacking functioning valves. The organ is a rhythmic cuff made of cardiac muscle cells that surrounds the vein. The cuff acts as a “mini heart” to aid blood flow through the venous segments. It can be made of a patient’s own adult stem cells, eliminating the chance of implant rejection. Chronic venous insufficiency is one of the most widespread diseases, particularly in developed countries. Its incidence can reach 20-30% in people over 50 years of age. In chronic venous i...

Handheld microfluidic chip controller with smartphone app

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 09 Nov 2021 07:07:52 GMT

GW researchers designed a completely automated, handheld smartphone controlled microfluidic liquid handling system. This is compatible with your microfluidic chip and application of choice. The intensive liquid handling steps required for biological sample preparation and assay automation can be a bottleneck in assay throughput. This small, handheld, easy to use point of care device can replace traditional bulky laboratory scale liquid handling systems or time-consuming human run procedures. The prototype created has applications in point-of-care medical diagnostics, environmental testing, foo...

Antisense RNA therapy for liver carcinoma

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 09 Nov 2021 07:00:11 GMT

A GW researcher invented a nucleic acid based therapy for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, liver cancer). Currently available antiviral drugs can only eliminate short term effects of the HCV. But liver damage, caused by chronic HCV infections, carries the very high risk of developing into hepatocellular carcinoma, sometimes even decades after the original HCV episode. About 3.2 million Americans are infected with HCV and the incidence is increasing. As this infected population ages, liver cancer becomes a serious concern. The inventor identified the ...

Interferometric System for Parameter Measurement at Supersonic Velocities

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 09 Nov 2021 06:56:51 GMT

The device is a nonintrusive instrument capable of simultaneously measuring the (translational) temperature, bulk velocity and density of gas flows under a wide range of conditions including extremely high temperatures and velocities. The instrument is capable simultaneously measuring the three variables (temperature, velocity and density) of turbulent supersonic and hypersonic gas flows (>Mach 5) at combustion temperatures. The unprecedented ability to make these measurements simultaneously and under such extreme conditions will be of great value to designers and developers of ...

Compact ultra-low power 2x2 Photonic Switch on Silicon

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 09 Nov 2021 06:48:59 GMT

Researchers at George Washington University recently invented an optical switching technology for future photonics network-on-chip (NOC). This invention enables compact, cost-effective two orders of magnitude increases in bandwidth and dramatically more energy-efficient communication between CPU’s compared to traditional electrical interconnects. Photonics-based communication is the backbone of the internet. The trend over the last 10 years is to steadily expand the applications domain of photonics into shorter distances e.g. from long haul communications (~100% photonics) to...

Precision Firing Control of Pulsed Plasma Thrusters

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 09 Nov 2021 06:40:59 GMT

Precision timing control of thruster operation of a spacecraft employing electric propulsion methods (e.g., pulsed electromagnetic plasma thrusters) is vital for space missions, and also difficult to achieve. When a thruster fires longer (or more powerfully), or shorter (or less powerfully), than required, or is fired in imprecise synchronization with other thrusters, an error can be calculated and the next cycle of thruster operation has to be adjusted to minimize the cumulative error to acceptable limits. In an Electronic Propulsion (EP) system, specifically vacuum arc thrusters utilizing a ...

CC-Hunter: Microarchitecture-Level Framework and Method for Covert Timing Channel Detection

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 04 Nov 2021 09:56:09 GMT

Researchers at The George Washington University have created a microarchitecture-level framework, which implements novel methods and algorithms developed for the detection of hacking covert timing channels that are used by Trojan/spy processes in order to leak confidential information from computing environments relying on shared hardware. Information leakage from shared hardware is a rapidly growing problem. Cloud computing is highly vulnerable to covert timing channels, which are “insider threats”, i.e. illegitimate communication channels established between a Trojan and a ...

Self-Calibrating Chemical & Bio Sensor

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 04 Nov 2021 09:52:56 GMT

With the rise of non-state actors posing a threat to various nations coupled with the massive amount of information available, the world has seen an increased risk of chemical warfare being used against civilians. Once reserved for the top chemists, the synthesis of chemical agents such as Sarin, VX, mustard gas, and arsine has become more available to the determined government or terrorists. Compared to the use of radioactive material (which is costly to manufacture and weaponize), recent attacks using chemical warfare agents have indicated a need for an accurate method for detection of chemi...

Intranasal Oxytocin Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 04 Nov 2021 09:31:10 GMT

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a health risk that occurs in 24% of males and 9% of females in the United States. OSA can lead to several cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, arrhythmia, and stroke. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatments often fail due to low compliance. GW Researchers developed an intranasal oxytocin administration method that protects OSA patients by maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis. They also see potential for decreasing awakening events, increasing sleep quality, and increasing compliance with CPAP. Oxytocin is a human peptide hormone wel...

Greatly improved Li-ion battery – much higher “energy storage capacity” & “charging rates”

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 04 Nov 2021 09:24:06 GMT

The problem: most batteries use graphite as anode material. Graphite has poor energy storage capacity. The solution: Researchers at the Geoerge Washington University (GW) have developed a new type of composite materials based on HCNS (hollow carbon nanospheres), which have the ability to charge at much higher rates and greatly exceed the energy-storage capacity of graphite when used to support Li-alloying or Li-compound forming materials. GW researchers have developed a Li-ion battery anode and a cathode composite materials based on HCNS (hollow carbon nanospheres),which can ...

Water Purification System Based on Visible-Light-Responsive Graphitic Carbon Nitride

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 04 Nov 2021 09:18:16 GMT

Researchers at The George Washington University (GW) have worked on the development and optimization of a carbon nitride based photo-catalytic membrane system in order to create an advanced technology for the purification of water. Our society is currently facing great challenges from environmental pollution. Many organic pollutants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products, pesticides, and endocrine compounds, are resistant to conventional wastewater and water treatment processes. In order to overcome the challenges these pollutants pose, GW researchers have developed a novel ...

Electrical Stimulation of the Claustrum for Treatment of Epilepsy

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 04 Nov 2021 09:13:17 GMT

One third of people with epilepsy – around 1 million in the US alone – do not respond to antiepileptic medications. Yet, existing technologies offer very limited benefits in controlling seizures in these patients with pharmaco-resistant epilepsy. The present invention presents a method for treating pharmaco-resistant epilepsy by deep brain electrical stimulation. This invention uses a closed-loop system to detect seizures and apply electrical stimulation to the claustrum to inhibit loss of consciousness or alternation of awareness. Alternatively, a ...

Vital Ring: a Wearable Wireless Multiple-Lead ECG Sensor Embedded in a Flexible Finger Ring

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 04 Nov 2021 09:08:05 GMT

Patients at risk of adverse cardiac events can benefit from mobile, on-demand, or real-time monitoring of their heart rhythms. Patient data can help diagnose symptoms of cardiac arrhythmias, heart attacks, and more. GW engineers incorporated advanced electrocardiogram (ECG) capabilities into a wearable device to provide portability and ease of use. Competing devices on the market acquire ECG signals for analysis, but have large electrode size, adhesive gel, less than 2 weeks usability, or are limited to single lead systems with less diagnostic capability. To tackle these problems, GW researc...

3D Shape Memory Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 04 Nov 2021 09:00:36 GMT

Over 120,000 patients are currently waiting for lifesaving organ and tissue transplants. Tissue engineering has the potential to innovate transplant and minimally invasive surgery by creating tissue substitutes from biopolymers with human stem cells. GW researchers developed a plant oil infused biopolymer with unique characteristics that are highly compatible to human tissue engineering. The co-polymerization of polycaprolactone (PCL) triol and castor oil yields a translucent biopolymer that exhibits tri-shape memory effects. Importantly, the synthetic biomaterials can be implanted in a...

Automated Parcellation of Prenatal and Neonatal Brains

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 04 Nov 2021 08:51:48 GMT

When diagnosing developmental neurological disorders, physicians start by labeling (parcellating) brain regions. Growth abnormalities in specific regions correspond to deficits in particular neurological functions. Historically, cortical parcellation is done manually by trained experts, which is costly and time-consuming (1-5 days for a single brain scan from magnetic resonance imaging). Researchers at GW devised a novel algorithm to automate parcellation of the neonatal brain at different stages of prenatal and neonatal development. The method starts with a manually labelled gestational week...

Matrix-free Mass Spectrometry on Nanopost Array (NAPA) Chips

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:47:52 GMT

Silicon NAPA chips provide highly efficient ion production for ultratrace analysis and molecular imaging by mass spectrometry without an ionization matrix. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is an established ionization technique for mass analysis of large biomolecules, but analysis of small biomolecules (m/z < 1000) suffers from matrix-related interferences. For this reason, a number of matrix-free ionization platforms are in development. Nanopost arrays capture the energy from ultraviolet laser light thereby promoting efficient sample ionization and sub-femtomolar sensiti...

Combining Dual 3D Bioprinting and Regional Bioactive Factors to Make Vascularized Bone Construct

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:46:03 GMT

GW researchers generated a vascularized and highly osteogenic bone construct with a biphasic structure using a multiple 3D printing platform. Traditional tissue engineering techniques face major obstacles in creating multiple tissue structures and vascularization of tissues. 3D bioprinting allows for control over the location of cells and biomaterials; however monotypic model printing has limitations in creating multi-structured tissues. Vascularization is essential to prevent cell death in internal regions of large implants. Our solution, dual 3D bioprinting, utilizes fused deposition m...

Intranasal Oxytocin to Treat Heart Failure

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:43:26 GMT

Heart failure (HF) results in imbalance of the cardiac autonomic system, i.e. increased sympathetic activity and decreased parasympathetic activity. The present therapies for heart failure only decrease sympathetic activity and have many side effects. There is no drug or device that restores parasympathetic activity. GW researchers found a new method that increases cardiac parasympathetic activity through chronic activation of neurons stimulated by the oxytocin neuropeptide. Studies on a mouse model of heart failure demonstrated that chronic activation of oxytocin-releasing neurons in the hyp...

JAK2 Inhibition to Treat Platinum Resistant Ovarian Cancer

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:40:30 GMT

Researchers at GW overcame platinum drug resistance in ovarian cancer by combining JAK2 inhibitor LY2784544 with standard platinum based chemotherapeutics. Doctors commonly prescribe platinum-based drugs, like cisplatin, to treat ovarian cancer. Over time many patients become resistant to the treatment and succumb to the disease. Doctors need new options for effective treatment of platinum resistant cancers. Our research revealed that constitutive activation of the JAK2-STAT5 pathway causes platinum-resistance. LY2784544, a selective JAK2 inhibitor, re-sensitizes platinum resistant ovarian ca...

MitoScope: Minimally Invasive Device for Measuring the Energy Production Rate of Heart Tissue

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:38:02 GMT

The minimally invasive MitoScope assesses the metabolic rate of heart tissue in vivo, non-destructively, and in real-time. MitoScope measures the mitochondrial enzyme activity of the heart to provide unique insight that could improve the treatment of heart failure, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and many other diseases that alter myocardial metabolism. Existing technologies for metabolic assessment of the heart require biopsies and subsequent in vitro lab analysis. The MitoScope circumvents these limitations to provide real-time information. MitoScope is the first ...

Microbubble and Ultrasound Therapies to Enhance Cartilage Repair and Regrowth

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:36:08 GMT

By combining low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) with lipid coated microbubbles, researchers at GW increased differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into cartilage. Existing treatments for damaged cartilage include autografts, allografts, and total joint replacement. Autografts suffer from donor site morbidity and insufficient donor tissues, allografts have negative immune response, and total joint replacement patients may suffer from infection, implant loosening, osteolysis, or implant wear and tear. 3D printed constructs seeded with hMSCs offer potential to overcome...

Thick 3D Bioprinted Cardiac Patch with Anisotropic and Perfusable Vessels

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:33:19 GMT

GW researchers fabricated a vascularized patch of cardiac tissue suitable for cardiac regeneration using 3D bioprinting. Cardiovascular disease involving myocardial infarction is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Following myocardial infarction, adult cardiac tissue cannot significantly repair or regenerate itself. Current therapies include autografts, allografts, xenografts, and artificial prostheses. Disadvantages of the standard of care include donor tissue shortages, immune rejection, required anticoagulation therapy, and limited durability. 3D bioprinting avoids or mitig...

In vitro drug treatment to proliferate and activate effector cells for immunotherapy

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:30:21 GMT

STAT5 SUMOylation inhibition increases CD4 and CD8 T-cell proliferation and and production of immune effector molecules in CD8 T-cells and NK (natural killer) cells. Both attributes address critical limiting factors in applying cell therapies to fighting cancers and pathogens. The difficulty of obtaining enough activated effector cells limits the efficacy of cell therapies. In vitro drug treatment of effector cells prior to administration to patients can overcome this deficiency. The technique is compatible with the full range of cell therapies, including genetically modified T ...

Diagnostic for Hidradenitis Suppurativa using Dermicidin Peptide Secretion in Sweat

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:28:03 GMT

Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is a common chronic disease wherein painful boils and lesions develop owing to the inflammation of sweat glands. The boils develop in the armpits, groin, buttocks, under the breasts, etc. and often secrete pus and blood. 1-4% of the population is afflicted with HS, with women being more likely to develop HS. It is difficult to diagnose HS as the boils can be easily confused for pimples or other common skin problems. Also, currently, there are no chemical or molecular diagnostic tests available for HS and this leads to significant delays in its diagnosis as a ...

(Technology Bundle) Stem cells with transiently reduced p53 to treat diabetes associated kidney disease and peripheral vascular disease

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:25:06 GMT

And-1 Inhibition by DHS for Cancer Treatment

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:23:16 GMT

GW researchers developed DHS (4,4’-trans-dihydroxystilbene) as a new cytotoxic anticancer drug for use alone or in combination with other chemotherapies. Drug toxicity and drug resistance limit the ability of many cytotoxic cancer drugs to effectively treat cancer, a problem which is overcome by DHS. The cancer killing efficacy of DHS is 10-times better than its parent compound, resveratrol, which is well known as the anti-oxidant abundant in red wine and blueberries. Resveratrol has cleared phase I human trials and is a commonly used dietary supplement. DHS represses And-1 functio...

4D-Printed Programmable Culture Substrate for Controlling Neural Stem Cell Growth

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:18:07 GMT

Neural stem cells (NSCs) exhibit great promise for treating neurodegenerative diseases and injuries. Treatments will rely on efficient proliferation and differentiation of NSCs into neurons with therapeutic characteristics. Static 2D and 3D microenvironment culture substrates fail to cater to the dynamic cell needs, resulting in sub-optimal, inefficient and uncontrolled differentiation of NSCs. Substrates with micro-wells encourage NSC spheroid formation and cell proliferation, while substrates with micro-grooves are good for maturation, including neurite growth and alignment. GW researc...

Antibiotic for Veterinary Staphylococcal Infections

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 09:12:05 GMT

New bacteriostatic compounds treat Staphylococcal strains that infect bovine, cat, and dog populations. Staphylococcal infections affect an estimated 20% of bovine populations in the dairy industry, and are the single largest indication for antibiotic use on dairy farms. Staphylococcal infections lead to a cost of greater than $1 billion per year to U.S. farms. Isoprenoids are an ancient, large, and essential class of biomolecules critical for electron transport, cell membranes, pigments, signaling, and more. Isoprenoids are synthesized via two biochemical pathways, the MEP pathway and t...

Diagnostic method for detecting bacterial/viral infections by host RNA levels in blood

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 08:59:43 GMT

In instances of respiratory distress, it is often difficult to determine whether an infection is present or if the distress is purely inflammatory in nature. Treatments for these conditions differ greatly (either with antibiotics for infection or with anti-inflammatory drugs in case of no infection), although symptoms can often be similar. Currently, physicians run a white blood cell (WBC) count to get an idea of the presence of infection. However, counting WBCs does not tell you whether those cells are activated to fight an infection. If doctors could quickly determent whether an infection is...

Therapeutics to prevent HIV-associated Coronary Artery Disease

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 26 Oct 2021 08:53:12 GMT

HIV-infected patients have high risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Previously, GW researchers identified HIV regulatory protein Nef as a causative factor in foam cell formation, a precursor condition to CAD. Currently, GW researchers developed compounds that show Nef-neutralizing effects in vitro. The prototype compounds restore cholesterol efflux from HIV-infected cells and prevent HIV-induced inhibition of ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCA-1) activity. Inhibition of Nef-calnexin interaction disrupts the ability of HIV-1 Nef to downregulate ABCA-1 and block ABCA-1 dependent cho...

Hybrid interconnects for on-chip communication: A solution with low latency and efficient energy consumption

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 14 Oct 2021 08:17:35 GMT

As computer chip feature size continue to decrease, power consumed due to on-chip communications will dramatically grow. This calls for new techniques which can provide higher bandwidth and data rates than over traditional electrical interconnects. Photonic interconnects can provide higher bandwidth and data rates. However optoelectronic devices generally require more power and a large footprint. Conversely, plasmonic interconnects can provide energy efficiency and small footprint, but have lower bandwidth and data rates. To overcome these problems the George Washington University ...

Method to generate cold atmospheric plasma-stimulated media to treat cancer

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 14 Oct 2021 08:09:28 GMT

For successful cancer therapy, the most important aspect is selective eradication of cancer cells without damaging healthy cells. Cancer cells and normal cells have different thresholds for tolerance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) before cell death (apoptosis) is induced. Previously, GW researchers invented a cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) therapy device to increase ROS in areas where tumors were surgically removed, in order to selectively kill any tumor cells that may have been left behind and prevent remission [clinical trials are underway]. Subsequently,...

Magnetically Enhanced Plasma Treatment of Cancer

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 14 Oct 2021 08:01:17 GMT

Previously, GW researchers invented a method to selectively kill cancer cells with cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), while leaving neighboring normal cells unaffected. In the present invention, the researchers devised an enhanced method for CAP cancer therapy by concurrently exposing the cancer cells to a static magnetic field (Fig. 1). The researchers demonstrated through in vitro experiments that when the cancer cells are placed in a magnetic field, the magnetic field increases the cancer cell death in response to CAP exposure (Fig. 2). This enhanced CAP cancer therapy can ...

Optimization of Cold Atmospheric Plasma-Stimulated Media for Treatment of Cancer

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 14 Oct 2021 07:54:34 GMT

Previously, GW researchers invented a method to selectively kill cancer cells with cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) while leaving neighboring normal cells intact. In a subsequent study, the researchers showed that similar anti-cancer effects can be achieved indirectly using CAP-stimulated media (CAPSM). Stability of CAPSM (preservation of its anti-cancer property over time) is a key consideration for its future clinical application. Previously, others have reported that CAPSM needs to be stored at -80ºC (-112ºF) for it to maintain its stability for 7 days. In the curre...

3D printed vascularized tissue scaffold with extracellular matrix triggered growth factor release

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 14 Oct 2021 07:38:59 GMT

Vas-Scaf” is a 3D bio-printed vascularized bone scaffold perfused with osteogenic and angiogenic growth factors. Artificial bone grafts lacking vascularization fail due to poor integration of new tissues with the host and death of interior bone tissues. Bone and blood vessel tissues require different support structures and different biochemical stimuli to support tissue growth and differentiation. “Vas-Scaf” regulates osteogenesis and angiogenesis through growth factors BMP-2 and VEGF, respectively, with both immobilized in their specific regions of the scaffold. &ldquo...

New Use for Small Molecule to Kill Malaria Parasites

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 14 Oct 2021 07:35:23 GMT

GW researchers synthesized the new small molecule, RCB-185, and initially showed efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), but now demonstrate much higher efficacy against malaria. According to the World Health Organization, 2015 had 212 million cases of malaria with 429,000 deaths. People desperately need new treatments for malaria, as use of the newest anti-malarial, artemisinin, dates to the 1990’s and artemisinin resistance is spreading. RCB-185 targets Dxr, which is a key enzyme in the non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid synthesis. Isoprenoids are essential, but human...

3D Printing Blood Vessels Without Sacrificial Templates

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 14 Oct 2021 07:19:45 GMT

Using novel bioactive ink for 3D printing, GW researchers create multi-layered vasculature. Large-scale artificial tissue implants for defect reconstruction require vascularization to avoid interior necrosis, but blood vessel printing remains challenging. Current 3D bioprinting methods for creating vasculature mainly utilize sacrificial templates to fabricate vascular lumen. However, all cases fail to generate multi-scale, multilayer and independent blood vessels that replicate the geometry, complexity, and longevity of human vascularized tissues. We present a non-sacrificial method of i...

High-Throughput All-Optical Cardiac Electrophysiology System

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 14 Oct 2021 07:10:39 GMT

The withdrawal of drugs from the market is a costly consequence of undetected adverse effects or toxicity. Over 30% of such withdrawals are due to cardiac toxicity (pro-arrhythmic effects mediated by cardiac ion channels), therefore regulatory agreements mandate the testing of all new drugs for cardiac liability. GW researchers developed the first scalable automated all-optical system for high-throughput cardiac electrophysiology and electromechanics. The system includes a method for combined optical pacing and optical recording (what we term all-optical electrophysiology) from a variety of p...

Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of CO2 to Potassium Formate using Glycerol as a Hydrogen Source

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 14 Oct 2021 07:04:45 GMT

To simultaneously transform CO2 and glycerol, two low-value by-products, into formate and lactate can be highly economically attractive. Presently, however, it is challenging to achieve the reaction on an industrial scale. GW researchers developed novel single-site supported heterogeneous catalysts that can simultaneously convert CO2 and glycerol into formate and lactate under batch or continuous flow conditions. The novel single-site supported heterogeneous catalysts consist of Ir or Ru N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) that are functionalized with sulfonates. In addition, synthetic hyd...

Friction Reduction for Engine Components

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 14 Oct 2021 06:58:37 GMT

The demand for automobile energy efficiency and higher emission standards encourages the development of modern engines and drive trains that have lower frictional losses at various contact surfaces. One solution for reducing such frictional losses is to add texture modifications to engine/drive train surfaces that come in contact with one another during operation. However, previous texture-adding techniques have proved to be technically or economically inadequate for automobile engine/driving train operating conditions. GW researchers have developed technologies for adding unique geometries a...

Microencapsulation of Chemical Additives

tco@gwu.edu — Wed, 13 Oct 2021 07:18:10 GMT

There is a need for a new process for encapsulating complex chemical additives, where microcapsules can give strong performance under hostile chemical and mechanical conditions. While microencapsulation technique is a mature technology, microcapsule products made by traditional techniques may work well only in relatively simple, passive and non-hostile conditions. On the other hand, in engine lubrication applications, both additives to be encapsulated and the surrounding solution may exhibit complex chemistry. Furthermore, lubrication often operates at high temperature, high pressure, and high...

Low Dimple Coverage and Low Drag Golf Ball

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 07 Oct 2021 10:03:25 GMT

Researchers at the George Washington University and Arizona State University have been developing a family of novel golf ball designs that can reduce drag by as much as 15% compared to traditional designs based on dimples. The new designs will allow for improved aerodynamics performance which can be used to increase the distance the ball travels or to improve the feel of the ball. Dimples have been extensively used on golf balls for the past 100 years ago and their aerodynamic performance has reached a plateau. Nowadays golf balls from different manufacturers have almost identical aerodynamics...

CMOS Compatible Light Emitting Tunnel Junction for Photonic Integrated Circuits (PIC) and Optical Communication

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 07 Oct 2021 09:36:00 GMT

With the emergence of photonic integration, the challenges (a) to create light from silicon and (b) to realize electronically compact photonics have delayed the anticipated introduction of photonics into electronic consumer products. While a variety of light emitters exist such as LEDs and semiconductor solid-sate-lasers, existing technology is hindered by: specialized and costly materials such as III-V compound semiconductors;elaborate semiconductor processing techniques such as wafer bonding; limited performance such as direct modulation bandwidths; plasmon lasers require inherently higher t...

Water Purification Materials: Improving Pd Dispersion and Hydrogenation Reactivity

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 07 Oct 2021 06:45:21 GMT

Researchers at The George Washington University have developed novel industrially viable catalysts for water purification, catalytic hydrogenation and other engineering application. In addition, an efficient, sustainable, low-cost, and potentially scalable method to tailor activated carbon (AC) supports for Pd-based catalysis with improved performance for water purification has been developed. Catalyst supports have been found to significantly influence catalytic performance. Metal oxides, for example, Al2O3, SiO2, and TiO2, have been frequently used as catalyst supports. However, the applica...

Real-time hand-gesture registration and recognition system for hands-free virtual-reality (VR) systems

tco@gwu.edu — Thu, 07 Oct 2021 06:32:04 GMT

Researchers at The George Washington University are developing an innovative device and method that can quickly and easily register and learn an user’s personalized hand gestures in real time. The invention pertains to depth sensors for VR headsets with hand tracking, and the software algorithms to learn (register) user’s individualized hand gestures and recognize (classify) the gestures in VR headsets in real time. The invented device and method provides for a real-time training (registration) and recognition (classification) framework for hands-free and natural interaction method...

Materials and Coatings of Variable Density for Electrodes and Catalysts

tco@gwu.edu — Wed, 06 Oct 2021 09:15:57 GMT

Researchers at The George Washington University are developing innovative methods to produce materials and coatings, which can be used for electrodes in batteries, fuel cells, electrochemical cells, and energy-production devices, for catalysts and other purposes. This novel technology enables the production and engineering of materials (and coatings) of widely variable densities: from less than 10% of normal density up to normal density. The materials can be engineered to include various with Nanometer-Scale Sub-structures and Micrometer-Scale Sub-Structures. The variability is ac...

EZ-PASS: An Energy & Performance-Efficient Power-gating Router Architecture for Scalable NoCs

tco@gwu.edu — Wed, 06 Oct 2021 09:07:56 GMT

Researchers at The George Washington University are developing an innovative method to design a performance and power-efficient network-on-chip for the parallel computing chips. The novel network-on-chip design invented at GW will significantly improve performance and power efficiency of parallel computing chips. Considering that the innovation can be applied to any multicore systems and the high demand for multicore parallel computing, we believe that in a couple of years this technology can be worth tens of billions of dollars. The market for parallel computing is growing rapidly, and the g...

COTSKNIGHT: Practical Defense against Cache Timing Channel Attacks using Cache Monitoring and Partitioning Techniques

tco@gwu.edu — Wed, 06 Oct 2021 09:02:32 GMT

Researchers at GW are developing COTSKnight, a novel framework that offers a holistic infrastructure for both detecting and defending against cache-based timing channels. Cache timing channels endangered shared computer system by stealing information without leaving physical traces in shared cache. COTSKnight repurposes the performance monitoring tool and detect various protocols of cache timing channel with no false negative and zero hardware modification. Cloud Platform would become a 150-billion-dollar market by 2022. 41% of the cloud platforms are public platforms where user’s workl...

PMU-Embedded Analytics for Online Event Detection and Classification in Power Grids

tco@gwu.edu — Wed, 06 Oct 2021 08:56:22 GMT

Researchers at The George Washington University are developing innovative analytics for power grid online surveillance (event detection and classification with minimum latency) and real-time situational awareness. The novel analytics can be deployed as a stand-alone next-generation smart sensor or can be embedded within the existing phasor measurement units (PMUs) and intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), and features (i) event detection and classification in power grids of different sizes and characteristics, (ii) accurate and fast detection of almost all types of events that can happe...

Learning-Based High-Performance, Energy-Efficient, and Secure Interconnection Design Framework

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 07:10:17 GMT

Researchers at the George Washington University have invented a novel network-on-chip framework, named TSA-NoC, which significantly improves on-chip security. The invented framework also minimizes the latency and cost of security techniques for simultaneously improving system-level performance and power. As the market for parallel computing is growing rapidly, the number and complexity of shared resources (processors, memory, sensors, etc.) is increased. Network-on-chips (NoCs) are playing a critical role in computing systems as the standard interconnect fabric solutions for connecting ...

Forseti: Dynamic Chunk-level Reshaping for Data Processing on Heterogeneous Clusters

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 07:09:52 GMT

Researchers at the George Washington University have invented a novel algorithm for large-scale computing frameworks running on a distributed heterogeneous system to process large amounts of data. The algorithm minimizes job execution time by balancing residual workloads in heterogeneous environments and provide significant improvement in performance. The algorithm has the ability to reshape data chunk size processed by heterogeneous machines on the fly and to dynamically balance the workload assigned to parallel tasks. Our preliminary results show that such algorithms could outperform other f...

Fabrication of Semiconductor and Thermoelectric Materials by Additive Manufacturing

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 07:09:35 GMT

Researchers at the George Washington University have invented a novel additive manufacturing technique for fabrication of semiconductor and thermoelectric structures of various shapes and sizes, as required for specific electronic and thermoelectric applications, via selective laser melting (also known as laser powder bed fusion and direct metal laser sintering). The additive manufacturing technique has been used to build thermoelectric materials in a layer by-layer fashion in various shapes and sizes by using powders as starting materials. The thermoelectric materials have important technolog...

Polyhedra Golf Ball with Lower Drag Coefficient

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 07:09:13 GMT

Researchers at the George Washington University have invented a novel class of golf balls having a polyhedra design that can yield lower drag coefficient than designs based on dimpled spheres. The drag reduction is applicable to other sports equipment in general having a bluff body, such as the head of a golf club or a bike helmet. For the past 100 years the vast majority of commercial golf balls have used designs with dimples. A dimple generally refers to any curved or spherical depression in the face or outer surface of the ball. The traditional golf ball, as readily accepted by the consume...

Robotic Therapy for Children on the Autism Spectrum

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 07:07:21 GMT

Researchers at the George Washington University have invented a novel emotional interaction robot and a robotic therapy for children and particularly for children on autism spectrum. The robotic therapy uses behavioral analysis automation to provide treatment and assessment of emotional communication and social skills of children with autism. The rapid increase in the population of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has revealed the deficiency in the realm of therapeutic accessibility for children with ASD in the domain of emotion and social interaction. While there have been a numb...

System for Predicting Cloud Service Level Agreement Performance & Trustworthiness

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 07:06:51 GMT

Researchers at The George Washington University are developing a system and method for applying statistical and machine learning models to calculate and rank cloud service provider (CSP) trustworthiness levels and predict cloud computing service performance and availability compliance against industry standards based cloud service level agreements (SLAs). Considering the rate of adoption and dependency on cloud services along with potential risk and impact, important topics need to be considered on behalf of cloud service customers (CSCs) and cloud service providers (CSPs). Topics include CSP...

Aluminum Coated Silicon Nanoparticles for Li-ion Battery Anodes

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 07:06:26 GMT

Researchers at The George Washington University are developing an innovative material for use in Li-ion battery anodes. The market for Li-ion battery ANODE materials is about $1 billion per year. The market is expected to grow rapidly in the following decades because of electric vehicles. Current Li-ion batteries use mostly graphite anodes. Silicon (Si) is an attractive active material in Li-ion battery anodes due to its low cost, high abundance, non-toxicity, and high gravimetric and volumetric capacity - Si has 10x more Li-ion storage capacity than graphite. Li-ion batteries will not increas...

Production of Li-Ion Battery-Grade Graphite

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 07:05:54 GMT

Researchers at The George Washington University are developing an innovative method to make high purity crystalline flake graphite from low-cost biomass. The novel Graphite technology invented at GW will slash cost of Li-Ion battery grade graphite (99.5% purity) by more than 80% (from about $20,000/ton to $2,500/ton). Considering the “STRATEGIC” nature of this technology and the high demand for Li-ion battery grade Graphite, we believe that in a couple of years this technology can be worth tens of billions of dollars. The market for graphite, classified as a “strategic...

Non-Invasive Plasma Discharge Tube Device for Treating Brain Tumors

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 07:05:28 GMT

Treating brain tumors, like glioblastoma, is challenging. Current glioblastoma drugs, Rapamycin and Temozolomide (TMZ), generally only extend life for a matter of months, are not very effective in treating recurring tumors, and have significant clinical toxicity. A novel Plasma Discharge Tube (PDT) device has the potential to be more effective and less toxic. PDT may be used alone or may be used to enhance the efficacy of drugs. GW inventors previously developed a cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) therapy, which is in human trials for treating areas around surgically removed tumors to kill any can...

Network Design for Chiplet-based Manycore Architecture

tco@gwu.edu — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 07:04:42 GMT

Researchers at The George Washington University are developing a flexible interconnection network design, called Adapt-Net, for chiplet-based manycore architectures. The goal of Adapt-Net is to support the concurrent communication of diverse applications running at the same time, improving the energy-efficiency and performance of the manycore architecture. Today’s manycore architectures are often deployed to concurrently execute multiple applications. These applications are mapped into different regions of the manycore system, each of which requires significantly different computing...

3D Biophotonic Devices for All Optical Electrophysiology

tco@gwu.edu — Wed, 29 Sep 2021 09:04:15 GMT

Optical actuation and sensing methods were demonstrated by GW for high-throughput drug and cardiotoxicity screening. However, modification of target cells takes time, has variable yield and can cause potential interference with cell’s innate functional responses. GW researchers manufactured “spark-cell” spheroids, used as a reagent that can be frozen, transported, and deployed on-site to confer optical pacing of cardiac cells. Since the spheroids are genetically engineered, one no longer needs to genetically modify the target cardiomyocytes of interest. Such spheroids ...

An Approximate Communication Framework for Network-on-chips

tco@gwu.edu — Tue, 28 Sep 2021 08:30:19 GMT

Reasearchers at GWU have developed an approximate communication framework for network-on-chips (NoCs), which significantly reduces the latency and power consumption of on-chip data movement. The invented framework leverages the fact that big data applications (e.g., recognition, mining, and synthesis) can tolerate modest error and transfers data with the necessary accuracy, thereby improving the energy-efficiency and performance of multi-core processors. Analyzing big data is critical for modern society. Retailers like Amazon, Costco, and Safeway analyze a large amount of user data, suc...